Overview
ABSTRACT
This article provides an overview of the characteristics and treatment methods for sewage sludge, covering physical, chemical and biological aspects. It examines the various techniques used to reduce sludge volumes. Methods include thickening, dewatering, drying and biological processes such as anaerobic digestion. Stabilisation techniques are also discussed, focusing on liming, aerobic stabilisation and composting.
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Jean-Marc BERLAND: Doctorate from the École Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées (National School of Civil Engineering) - Senior Project Manager at the International Office for Water (IOWater)
INTRODUCTION
The treatment of urban or industrial wastewater generates sludge, a by-product containing insoluble matter. Managing this sludge requires precise characterization in order to minimize its environmental impact and promote its recovery. This involves identifying the waste, assessing its harmfulness, and evaluating its treatment potential. The properties of sludge vary depending on its origin and the process used; methods such as thickening, dewatering, drying, or sanitization can reduce its volume and harmful effects. Final management depends on regulations, but increasingly favors energy recovery (methanization, thermal degradation) and reuse in agriculture or industry, while toxic sludge is disposed of by thermal oxidation or stored in specially designed sites.
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KEYWORDS
sludge | thickening | dewatering | environment | drying | Stabilization
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Characteristics and treatment of sewage sludge
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