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Research and innovation | REF: IN135 V1

Phytoextraction and boosted biodegradation: an innovative interdisciplinary approach at the service of the environment.

Authors: Guillaume LOSFELD, Vincent ESCANDE, Thierry MATHIEU, Claude GRISON

Publication date: August 10, 2011 | Lire en français

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    AUTHORS

    • Guillaume LOSFELD: École Polytechnique engineering student, Paris

    • Vincent ESCANDE: Master 2 student at Université de la méditerranée, Marseille

    • Thierry MATHIEU: Head of the experimental field at the Center for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology

    • Claude GRISON: Professor at the University of Montpellier 2 - Researcher at the Center for Functional and Evolutionary Ecology – Labex CeMEB

     INTRODUCTION

    Summary

    Anthropogenic activities are responsible for the dispersion of formidable pollutants. Biocides, such as parathion, and heavy metals, such as copper, are prime examples. Parathion and its derivatives are powerful insecticides and fungicides. On the other hand, they are extremely toxic to all forms of animal life, due to their chemical nature; they are thiophosphates. Copper salts are widespread, persistent pollutants which, in high concentrations, are harmful to mammals and highly toxic to marine organisms. For the first time, we are proposing to combine two innovative and sustainable strategies for inorganic and organic pollution control. Copper-hyperaccumulating aquatic plants are used to phytoextract Cu(II) salts in basins mimicking contaminated aquatic areas. The biomass loaded with metal salts is then transformed into a catalyst for parathion hydrolysis. A 31 P-NMR study shows unambiguously that copper salts of plant origin unambiguously accelerate parathion degradation.

    Abstract

    Human activities are the cause of dispersion of dangerous pollutants. Biocides, such as parathion, and heavy metals such as copper, are very demonstrative examples. Parathion and its derivatives are potent insecticides and fungicides. However, they are extremely toxic to all forms of animal life, and this because of their chemical nature, they are phosphorothioates. Copper salts are persistent and widespread pollutants, which in high concentrations are harmful to mammals and highly toxic to marine organisms. For the first time, it is proposed to combine two innovative and sustainable strategies to remediate mineral and organic pollution. Aquatic hyperaccumulators of copper are used to phytoextract salts of Cu(II) in pools mimicking contaminated areas. Biomass loaded with metal salts is then transformed into a catalyst for hydrolysis of parathion. A 31 P NMR study clearly shows that copper salts derived from vegetables accelerate the degradation of parathion unequivocally.

    Keywords

    pollution, pesticide, phytoextraction, heavy metals, ecological chemistry, 31 P-NMR

    Keywords

    phytoextraction, pollution, pesticide, heavy metals, ecological chemistry, 31 P NMR

    Key points

    Field: Ecological chemistry

    Degree of technology diffusion: Emergence | Growth | Maturity

    Technologies...

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