12. Conclusion
Technical solutions do exist for an alternative to "all collective" sewerage. They can provide a lasting, reliable solution for areas where, for economic or technical reasons, it is inappropriate to lay a wastewater collection pipe. In addition to "classic" non-collective sanitation techniques, involving water purification using natural or reconstituted soil, France has recently opened up to purification systems based on principles similar to those of wastewater treatment plants, or to compact filters. This could reshape practices in the field of non-collective sanitation.
Setting up public sanitation services has been more problematic. Some inequalities in treatment are still being observed, and are arousing opposition from users. These difficulties are real and should not be underestimated. One of the challenges over the next few years will be to harmonize practices...
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Conclusion
Bibliography
Websites
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IMA – International Mineralogical Association
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Toilets of the world
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Recommendations for the safe use of...
Events
Each year, the Assises Nationales de l'Assainissement non collectif is held in a different city.
Standards and norms
- AFNOR; Installation of on-site sanitation systems – Single-family homes with up to 10 main rooms. - XP DTU 64.1 -
- AFNOR – CEN; Prefabricated septic tanks. - EN 12566-1 + A1 -
- AFNOR – CEN; Soil infiltration systems. - CEN/TS 12566-2 -
- AFNOR – CEN; Domestic wastewater treatment plants ready for use and/or assembled on site. - EN 12566-3 + A1 -
- AFNOR – CEN; Septic tanks built in situ...
Regulations
Law on water and aquatic environments (LEMA) of December 30, 2006 (consolidated version as of July 14, 2010)
French Water Act no. 92-3 of January 3, 1992
Law n° 64-1245 of December 16, 1964 relating to the regime and distribution of water and the fight against its pollution
The Ultimate Scientific and Technical Reference
