Conclusion and outlook

TCP has been constantly evolving since the early days of the Internet. In particular, this article demonstrates the very lively specification and development work that will undoubtedly consolidate TCP's hegemonic position. These recent functional evolutions, some of which are already the subject of commercial implementations and operational deployments, also reflect the major evolutions of the Internet, whether technological (with the emblematic rapprochement of the network and IT worlds through the development of automation and virtualization techniques, in particular) or organizational, with the growing involvement of operators in the engineering and management of transport protocols in order to guarantee their customers ever more efficient, ever more robust connectivity services... while at the same time trying to retain a degree of control over their network and cloud infrastructures,...