2. Assuming responsibility

A crisis has causes, but it also has effects. The search for responsibility (upstream and downstream of the crisis) is part of crisis management and communication.

The world of crisis management is marked by extraordinary complexity (see Visualizing crisis management [FIC 1843] ):

• The perverse effect is king.

• The improbable happens.

• The feedback is surprising.

• Ruptures pervert relevant reflexes.

• ...