6. Tunnel-effect sensors
6.1 Principle
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It's possible to pass a current between two conductive parts separated by an insulator by applying a potential difference V, despite the potential barrier, through a quantum effect known as the tunnel effect. The current I is a function of the distance d between the electron clouds surrounding the atoms and the level of the potential barrier to be overcome (ϕ 1 + ϕ 2 )/2 (" 3 eV) according to the relationship (figure 19 ):
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Tunnel-effect sensors
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