Overview
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Read the articleAUTHORS
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Roger LACASSE: Vice President, Special Projects - Premier Tech Water & Environment, Rivière-du-Loup, Canada
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Siegfried MAUNOIR: Vice-President, Innovation and Technology - Premier Tech Water and Environment, Mèze, France
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Yan GILBERT: IR&D Director - Premier Tech Water & Environment, Rivière-du-Loup, Canada
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Cécile FAVRE: Sustainability and Institutional Relations Manager - Premier Tech Water and Environment, Châteauneuf-d'Ille-et-Vilaine, France
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Charlotte TROADEC: Technical writer - Premier Tech Water and Environment, Châteauneuf-d'Ille-et-Vilaine, France
INTRODUCTION
In France, non-collective sanitation (ANC) treats the wastewater produced by almost 20% of the population whose homes are not connected to a public collection network. Every year, almost 100,000 ANC systems are installed, half of which involve rehabilitating failing facilities. Several types of system are used: traditional systems (land application and reconstituted filter beds) and, since the entry into force of the "technical specifications" decree of September 2009, "other systems" consisting of compact ANC systems that must be approved in accordance with the requirements of this decree. The majority of approvals are based on the results of CE marking tests carried out on these products in accordance with standard NF EN 12566-3+A2 . These compact systems, now chosen for around 40% of installations, are grouped into three technological families: compact filters, microstations and planted filters. In 2017, the results of a vast campaign to monitor the in situ performance of ANC systems in France highlighted regulatory compliance issues. The best-performing systems were mainly of the biological filter type. There are a number of possible explanations for the problems encountered, but undersizing of several components of failing systems appears to be the most important. What's more, the recent arrival on the French market of increasingly compact ANC systems is not likely to improve the situation. It is against this backdrop that this article presents, for each technology family, the fundamental design criteria, the factors influencing performance and the operation and maintenance requirements to ensure sustainable performance, all in relation to current regulations and the characteristics of the wastewater produced in ANC. Criteria for sustainable infiltration of treated water and factors influencing the carbon footprint of each technology family are also covered.
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Bibliography
- (1) - MINISTÈRES EN CHARGE DE L'ÉCOLOGIE ET DE LA SANTÉ, CERIB ET CSTB - Cadre destiné aux opérateurs économiques pour la procédure d'agrément des dispositifs d'assainissement non collectif. - http://www.assainissement-non-collectif.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/IMG/pdf/16_10_2023_-_cadre_de_la_procedure_ d_evaluation_anc_-_vf.pdf (2023)....
Standards and norms
- Small wastewater treatment plants for a total equivalent population (TEP) of up to 50 inhabitants – Part 1: prefabricated septic tanks. AFNOR - NF EN 12566-1+A1 - 2004
- Small wastewater treatment plants for a total equivalent population (TEP) of up to 50 inhabitants – Part 3: Domestic wastewater treatment plants ready for use and/or assembled on site. AFNOR - NF EN 12566-3+A2 - 2013
- Small wastewater treatment...
Regulations
Law no. 92-3 of January 3, 1992 on water (consolidated version of July 1 2006).
Council Directive 91/271/EEC of 21 May 1991 concerning urban waste-water treatment (consolidated version from 1 January 2014). OJEU L135 of May 30, 1991.
Arrêté du 7 septembre 2009 fixant les prescriptions techniques applicables aux installations...
Directory
Documentation – Training – Seminars (non-exhaustive list)
Interministerial portal on non-collective sanitation :
https://www.assainissement-non-collectif.developpement-durable.gouv.fr/
Technical Advisory Committee (CCFAT) :
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