4. A few definitions

4.1 Energy savings

The European Energy Efficiency Directive (2012), cited in the introduction, defines them as a quantity of energy measured or estimated by carrying out an action aimed at improving the energy performance of a system or organization.

An extract from the website of the French Ministry of Ecological Transition and Solidarity (2018) recalls the importance of this action in environmental protection policies and the beneficial spin-offs on many other criteria: "Energy savings are one of the priority axes of the energy transition: at the same time, they bring purchasing power for households, competitiveness for businesses, innovation and creation of economic activity, reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and atmospheric pollutants. They are also...