18. Conclusion

This article has shown that France was concerned very early on about its dependence on fossil fuels and energy in general. It was a forerunner in implementing measures to reduce its energy consumption, particularly in industry, through the creation of a dedicated energy-saving agency (the Agence pour les économies d'énergie, then the Agence française pour la maîtrise de l'énergie, and lastly the Agence de l'environnement et de la maîtrise de l'énergie), incentive programs, competent personnel and budgetary resources (admittedly insufficient for the latter 3 in view of the objectives to be achieved and the missions to be fulfilled).

The monitoring carried out at national level shows that the objectives of reducing energy intensity and consumption have been partially achieved, but that there are still efforts to be made and many actions to be taken.

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